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<span style="font-size: 22px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;">[[Phaedrus|5fece4d0-71a3-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]</span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span id="5fece4d0-71a3-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">SOCRATES: Well, then, those who think they can leave written instructions for an art, as well as those who accept them, thinking that writing can yield results that are clear or certain, must be quite naive and truly ignorant of [Thamos’] prophetic judgment: otherwise, how could they possibly think that words that have been written down can do more than remind those who already know what the writing is about?
PHAEDRUS: Quite right.
SOCRATES: You know, Phaedrus, writing shares a strange feature with painting. The offsprings of painting stand there as if they are alive, but if anyone asks them anything, they remain most solemnly silent. The same is true of written words. You’d think they were speaking as if they had some understanding, but if you question anything that has been said because you want to learn more, it continues to signify just that very same thing forever. When it has once been written down, every discourse roams about everywhere, reaching indiscriminately those with understanding no less than those who have no business with it, and it doesn’t know to whom it should speak and to whom it should not. And when it is faulted and attacked unfairly, it always needs its father’s support; alone, it can neither defend itself nor come to its own support.
</span><<if passage() is "5fece4d0-71a3-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">><div style="color:#AAA; text-align: center; font-size: 24px">𝌎</div>
<span style="color:#AAA">⋲ </span><<if visited("25322088-71a5-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[(A visitor arrives, stepping out of the shadows into the light.) ...|25322088-71a5-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[(A visitor arrives, stepping out of the shadows into the light.) ...|25322088-71a5-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("49549785-0ae0-410b-8759-b2ae0d7398b8")>>@@.visited;[[PHAEDRUS: You are absolutely right about that, too. ...|49549785-0ae0-410b-8759-b2ae0d7398b8]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[PHAEDRUS: You are absolutely right about that, too. ...|49549785-0ae0-410b-8759-b2ae0d7398b8]]@@<<endif>>
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(A visitor arrives, stepping out of the shadows into the light.)
VISITOR: Greetings, gentlemen. I am a visitor from the far future. Socrates, you will perhaps be surprised to know that the reason I am able to visit you, even though you are long dead, is thanks your heedless student Plato, who has immortalized these very words in writing. Don't worry, though -- while what you said about the unfortunate paralysis of the written word was true in your time, it is no longer true in mine, and thanks to technology, you are quite free to answer questions, defend yourself, etc.
SOCRATES: What claims am I to understand you as making?
VISITOR: I have come from a time when political and philosophical talking-points have been completely lifted from the dusty tomes of dead men’s writings and given life by technology. Unlike the mute, witless writings of the philosopher’s past, the written word of my time is an animated entity that can be questioned and argued with. In fact, I have endeavored to create just such a creature, and having done so, I have indeed been asked questions.</span><<if passage() is "25322088-71a5-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|5fece4d0-71a3-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<div style="color:#AAA; text-align: center; font-size: 24px">𝌎</div>
<span style="color:#AAA">⋲ </span><<if visited("45cc8e32-71a5-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[I have been called from the Future, in fact, to inform you that your idea of an artificial intelligence was not wholly a fantasy in your time, but was ...|45cc8e32-71a5-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[I have been called from the Future, in fact, to inform you that your idea of an artificial intelligence was not wholly a fantasy in your time, but was ...|45cc8e32-71a5-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("4ed04754-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[SOCRATES: Who, for example? What questions did you answer? ...|4ed04754-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[SOCRATES: Who, for example? What questions did you answer? ...|4ed04754-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span>But here at last, then, is the high point of my visit -- for I have finally come to see Socrates, the man whose words have withstood the most inspection and debate.
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<div style="color:#AAA; text-align: center; font-size: 24px">𝌎</div>
<span style="color:#AAA">⋲ </span><<if visited("87ec5e56-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[flawed on the wings of your simulacrum from the future,|87ec5e56-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[flawed on the wings of your simulacrum from the future,|87ec5e56-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("938e596c-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[false by the power of current technologies to carry out such tasks. ...|938e596c-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[false by the power of current technologies to carry out such tasks. ...|938e596c-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⋲ </span><<if visited("256ccab6-71a6-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[fallacious, for I have embodied the written word in a creature that can think and speak, and is thus more than a mere memory device. So, what do you h ...|256ccab6-71a6-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[fallacious, for I have embodied the written word in a creature that can think and speak, and is thus more than a mere memory device. So, what do you h ...|256ccab6-71a6-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
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<div style="color:#AAA; text-align: center; font-size: 24px">𝌎</div>
<span style="color:#AAA">⋲ </span><<if visited("f72c1040-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[who will powerfully fulfill the role of the thoughtful writing that you could not provide with the natural spoken word. A long time has passed since y ...|f72c1040-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[who will powerfully fulfill the role of the thoughtful writing that you could not provide with the natural spoken word. A long time has passed since y ...|f72c1040-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("87ec5e58-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[who will lift the dialogue from the realm of the dead to the realm of the living. ...|87ec5e58-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[who will lift the dialogue from the realm of the dead to the realm of the living. ...|87ec5e58-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span>for the words of Socrates in your text were taken from you and did not spring from your own mind – it is my simulacrum of your words that most accurately represents your arguments, not the speculations of your own hand. Such is the result of our technology: the written word not only stands mutely for us, but speaks for us and against us,
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<div style="color:#AAA; text-align: center; font-size: 24px">𝌎</div>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span>PHAEDRUS: I must confess that I am quite startled by your words and by the fact that this visit is, to some extent, real. After all, we are familiar with
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("f8791a42-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[SOCRATES: It strikes me that you are right to suggest that I revise my opinion of the written word. It was true in my time, but thanks to you it is no ...|f8791a42-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[SOCRATES: It strikes me that you are right to suggest that I revise my opinion of the written word. It was true in my time, but thanks to you it is no ...|f8791a42-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
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PHAEDRUS: I must confess that I am quite startled by your words and by the fact that this visit is, to some extent, real. After all, we are familiar with</span><<if passage() is "87ec5e57-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|f72c1040-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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SOCRATES: It strikes me that you are right to suggest that I revise my opinion of the written word. It was true in my time, but thanks to you it is no longer true in yours.
VISITOR: Right you are. And may I say also that well-chosen written</span><<if passage() is "f8791a42-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|f72c1040-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "87ec5e56-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="87ec5e58-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> who will lift the dialogue from the realm of the dead to the realm of the living.
SOCRATES: Amazing! And scarily true.
VISITOR: It’s really quite simple. In the future, students all learn philosophy by question-and-answer; you, of course, being the questioner and your simulacrum from the future being the answerer. And some such simulacra do indeed argue with the people who encounter them.
S</span><<if passage() is "87ec5e58-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|87ec5e56-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "87ec5e56-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="87ec5e5a-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> for the words of Socrates in your text were taken from you and did not spring from your own mind – it is my simulacrum of your words that most accurately represents your arguments, not the speculations of your own hand. Such is the result of our technology: the written word not only stands mutely for us, but speaks for us and against us,</span><<if passage() is "87ec5e5a-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|87ec5e56-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "45cc8e32-71a5-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="938e596c-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> false by the power of current technologies to carry out such tasks.
SOCRATES: Ah, but my friend, may I ask whether this creature you have created is able to criticize written works and texts and show the contradictions inherent in them?</span><<if passage() is "938e596c-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|45cc8e32-71a5-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "45cc8e32-71a5-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="256ccab6-71a6-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> fallacious, for I have embodied the written word in a creature that can think and speak, and is thus more than a mere memory device. So, what do you have to say, now that your lips are finally unsealed after ~2.4 millenia? Do you admit that you are wrong, at least in the limit of technology, which is all that matters?
SOCRATES: So, you say that my words have been animated by technology?</span><<if passage() is "256ccab6-71a6-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|45cc8e32-71a5-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<div style="color:#AAA; text-align: center; font-size: 24px">𝌎</div>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("26f2c4a9-71a6-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[VISITOR: Indeed. ...|26f2c4a9-71a6-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[VISITOR: Indeed. ...|26f2c4a9-71a6-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("26f2c4aa-71a6-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[VISITOR: Yes, writing has now been incorporated into the body of a thinking, reasoning being. ...|26f2c4aa-71a6-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[VISITOR: Yes, writing has now been incorporated into the body of a thinking, reasoning being. ...|26f2c4aa-71a6-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("3130f838-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[This seems very strange. Is this by some kind of frankenscience? ...|3130f838-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[This seems very strange. Is this by some kind of frankenscience? ...|3130f838-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⋲ </span><<if visited("8213fb2c-71a6-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[I'd be quite interested to see how that's done. (To PHAEDRUS) Come, Phaedrus, do as I do, and let us erstwhile friends from the past and from the futu ...|8213fb2c-71a6-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[I'd be quite interested to see how that's done. (To PHAEDRUS) Come, Phaedrus, do as I do, and let us erstwhile friends from the past and from the futu ...|8213fb2c-71a6-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "256ccab6-71a6-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="8213fb2c-71a6-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> I'd be quite interested to see how that's done. (To PHAEDRUS) Come, Phaedrus, do as I do, and let us erstwhile friends from the past and from the future converse with each other.
PHAEDRUS: Flesh of my flesh, born from my bones and from the same mother, and now by some magic released from the bonds of death! I am delighted. I too have often wished to be able to talk to someone from the future and see the changes that have come upon man.
VISITOR: The implementation is surprisingly simple in one sense, and demonically complex in another.</span><<if passage() is "8213fb2c-71a6-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|256ccab6-71a6-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<div style="color:#AAA; text-align: center; font-size: 24px">𝌎</div>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("b632351b-71a6-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[All of Socrates’ words are stored as .wav files, and indexed as a three-dimensional array. We do some basic statistical analyses on the things we’re k ...|b632351b-71a6-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[All of Socrates’ words are stored as .wav files, and indexed as a three-dimensional array. We do some basic statistical analyses on the things we’re k ...|b632351b-71a6-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⋲ </span><<if visited("0370b7b4-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[Think of every act of speaking, reading, or writing as fundamentally a mathematical operation on a finite set of symbols. This set is probably quite l ...|0370b7b4-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[Think of every act of speaking, reading, or writing as fundamentally a mathematical operation on a finite set of symbols. This set is probably quite l ...|0370b7b4-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "8213fb2c-71a6-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="0370b7b4-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> Think of every act of speaking, reading, or writing as fundamentally a mathematical operation on a finite set of symbols. This set is probably quite large, and makes up some vast hierarchy of ideas, whose primitives are easily recognizable, and whose structure is grounded in a sort of Geometry of thought.</span><<if passage() is "0370b7b4-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|8213fb2c-71a6-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<div style="color:#AAA; text-align: center; font-size: 24px">𝌎</div>
<span style="color:#AAA">⋲ </span><<if visited("3055391c-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[But, somehow the structure is so complicated that it is a matter of probability, and all that can be predicted is the probability, or perhaps likeliho ...|3055391c-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[But, somehow the structure is so complicated that it is a matter of probability, and all that can be predicted is the probability, or perhaps likeliho ...|3055391c-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("fc7c2b9e-71ad-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[SOCRATES: So, it computes concepts? ...|fc7c2b9e-71ad-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[SOCRATES: So, it computes concepts? ...|fc7c2b9e-71ad-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<<script>>
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var currentNode = document.getElementById("0370b7b4-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "0370b7b4-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="3055391c-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> But, somehow the structure is so complicated that it is a matter of probability, and all that can be predicted is the probability, or perhaps likelihood, that the mathematical operation will result in a given symbol. Sounds like an impossible tangle of incomputable probabilities that must be resolved by randomness, right?</span><<if passage() is "3055391c-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|0370b7b4-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<div style="color:#AAA; text-align: center; font-size: 24px">𝌎</div>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("0370b7b7-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[Wrong -- quite wrong. If a human brain can deal with this structure of relationships, then so can a computer -- at least, so the theory goes. ...|0370b7b7-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[Wrong -- quite wrong. If a human brain can deal with this structure of relationships, then so can a computer -- at least, so the theory goes. ...|0370b7b7-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("3055391e-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[Wrong! It turns out that this set of symbols and operations can be succinctly encoded by a sentence in a programming language like LISP or Ruby, and t ...|3055391e-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[Wrong! It turns out that this set of symbols and operations can be succinctly encoded by a sentence in a programming language like LISP or Ruby, and t ...|3055391e-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("30553920-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[But, no, for both the finite set and the mathematical operations are infinitely simple. And this is the core idea that may just allow us to build a su ...|30553920-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[But, no, for both the finite set and the mathematical operations are infinitely simple. And this is the core idea that may just allow us to build a su ...|30553920-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⋲ </span><<if visited("6ea89bc8-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[Well, the right way to think about it is to think of the mathematical operation as not something the written word IS, but rather, it is something the ...|6ea89bc8-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[Well, the right way to think about it is to think of the mathematical operation as not something the written word IS, but rather, it is something the ...|6ea89bc8-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<<script>>
function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("3055391c-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
}
setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "3055391c-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="0370b7b7-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> Wrong -- quite wrong. If a human brain can deal with this structure of relationships, then so can a computer -- at least, so the theory goes.
SOCRATES:</span><<if passage() is "0370b7b7-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|3055391c-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("0370b7b7-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "3055391c-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="3055391e-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> Wrong! It turns out that this set of symbols and operations can be succinctly encoded by a sentence in a programming language like LISP or Ruby, and then, given a sufficiently powerful computer, executed to simulate the behavior of a rational agent; more powerful machines can simulate more powerful agents, so long as one is being sufficiently explicit about all the symbols that are being manipulated. That is, it turns out the Turing Machines are able to generate a basis for genuine intelligence. We have implemented tens of</span><<if passage() is "3055391e-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|3055391c-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("3055391e-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "3055391c-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="6ea89bc8-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> Well, the right way to think about it is to think of the mathematical operation as not something the written word IS, but rather, it is something the written word DOES. This is a subtle point, but it is crucial to make the leap from a universe of paper, ink, and typewriters to a universe of mathematics and matter: the paper and the typewriters are merely the passive receptacles of the mathematical activity, but are not the activity itself.</span><<if passage() is "6ea89bc8-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|3055391c-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<div style="color:#AAA; text-align: center; font-size: 24px">𝌎</div>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("4a7a2956-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[SOCRATES: This seems like nothing less than magic to me. ...|4a7a2956-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[SOCRATES: This seems like nothing less than magic to me. ...|4a7a2956-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⋲ </span><<if visited("80226cd0-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[That's the point you were making, I believe|80226cd0-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[That's the point you were making, I believe|80226cd0-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
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var currentNode = document.getElementById("6ea89bc8-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "6ea89bc8-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="4a7a2956-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">
SOCRATES: This seems like nothing less than magic to me.
VISITOR: It is "magic", if you like, but it's magic of a highly predictable nature</span><<if passage() is "4a7a2956-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|6ea89bc8-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("4a7a2956-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "6ea89bc8-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="80226cd0-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> That's the point you were making, I believe</span><<if passage() is "80226cd0-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|6ea89bc8-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<div style="color:#AAA; text-align: center; font-size: 24px">𝌎</div>
<span style="color:#AAA">⋲ </span><<if visited("a52a796e-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[, when you said you believed that the written word was incapable of doing anything in itself, but merely reminded someone who already knew what the wr ...|a52a796e-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[, when you said you believed that the written word was incapable of doing anything in itself, but merely reminded someone who already knew what the wr ...|a52a796e-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span>, when you emphasized the material circumstance of manuscripts,
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "80226cd0-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="a52a796e-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">, when you said you believed that the written word was incapable of doing anything in itself, but merely reminded someone who already knew what the writing said. You are quite right to think of the written word as being inactive without an intelligent observer.</span><<if passage() is "a52a796e-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|80226cd0-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<div style="color:#AAA; text-align: center; font-size: 24px">𝌎</div>
<span style="color:#AAA">⋲ </span><<if visited("b728ade8-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[SOCRATES: Then, in your Time, writing|b728ade8-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[SOCRATES: Then, in your Time, writing|b728ade8-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("a52a7971-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[And this is how I created the computer on which I speak to you now: by copying the processes that were already in your brain, I was able to mimic your ...|a52a7971-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[And this is how I created the computer on which I speak to you now: by copying the processes that were already in your brain, I was able to mimic your ...|a52a7971-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
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function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("a52a796e-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "a52a796e-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="b728ade8-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">
SOCRATES: Then, in your Time, writing</span><<if passage() is "b728ade8-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|a52a796e-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<div style="color:#AAA; text-align: center; font-size: 24px">𝌎</div>
<span style="color:#AAA">⋲ </span><<if visited("fbcf9b28-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[IS an animate intelligent entity? ...|fbcf9b28-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[IS an animate intelligent entity? ...|fbcf9b28-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⋲ </span><<if visited("10d29f98-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[is celebrated not for what it is, but what it does. You may be right in your claim to have embodied it,|10d29f98-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[is celebrated not for what it is, but what it does. You may be right in your claim to have embodied it,|10d29f98-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "b728ade8-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="fbcf9b28-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> IS an animate intelligent entity?
VISITOR: Precisely. And it is not an entity to be trifled with, any more than you would trifle with a self-aware dragon.
SOCRATES: What, then, would you have us conceive of the written word as being?
VISITOR: I shall begin by asking you to consider</span><<if passage() is "fbcf9b28-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|b728ade8-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<div style="color:#AAA; text-align: center; font-size: 24px">𝌎</div>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("5d622c02-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[the concept of the Uniformly Accelerated Motion of the Letter A. Please disregard for a moment what this means to you; consider, rather, what it means ...|5d622c02-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[the concept of the Uniformly Accelerated Motion of the Letter A. Please disregard for a moment what this means to you; consider, rather, what it means ...|5d622c02-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("5d622c03-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[how you think the physically real is related to what is not physically real. Or, perhaps, more correctly: how you think the physically real is related ...|5d622c03-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[how you think the physically real is related to what is not physically real. Or, perhaps, more correctly: how you think the physically real is related ...|5d622c03-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("5d622c05-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[the following situation, which has played itself out many times in recent history. There is a text -- say, a book, or a Wikipedia article -- that is a ...|5d622c05-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[the following situation, which has played itself out many times in recent history. There is a text -- say, a book, or a Wikipedia article -- that is a ...|5d622c05-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
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function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("fbcf9b28-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "fbcf9b28-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="5d622c02-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> the concept of the Uniformly Accelerated Motion of the Letter A. Please disregard for a moment what this means to you; consider, rather, what it means to the letter A.
(Socrates and PHAEDRUS consider this.)
SOCRATES: It means that A is always in motion.
VISITOR: Quite right. And, we must then, in accordance with the laws of Modern Poetry, be careful not to say that A is</span><<if passage() is "5d622c02-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|fbcf9b28-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<<script>>
function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("5d622c02-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "fbcf9b28-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="5d622c03-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> how you think the physically real is related to what is not physically real. Or, perhaps, more correctly: how you think the physically real is related to the abstract mathematical realm.
SOCRATES: Well, that is a hard one to answer. But, I would tend to say that there is no difference between them, except that the latter is more like what a picture of the former would be like than the actual thing itself.
VISITOR: I need to make</span><<if passage() is "5d622c03-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|fbcf9b28-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "fbcf9b28-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="5d622c05-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> the following situation, which has played itself out many times in recent history. There is a text -- say, a book, or a Wikipedia article -- that is a moving target, being actively written by a human author. If the author disagrees with me, let him speak for himself, but I shall begin with a typical example of the situation: there is an authoritative book that has been written by some great thinker -- let us say the Bible. Throughout the book, the fundamental revelation (which, unlike</span><<if passage() is "5d622c05-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|fbcf9b28-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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function scrollToCurrentNode(){
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "b728ade8-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="10d29f98-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> is celebrated not for what it is, but what it does. You may be right in your claim to have embodied it,</span><<if passage() is "10d29f98-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|b728ade8-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<div style="color:#AAA; text-align: center; font-size: 24px">𝌎</div>
<span style="color:#AAA">⋲ </span><<if visited("66b55b17-1721-45e6-b937-7c5d47e4280f")>>@@.visited;[[but that is nothing new. ...|66b55b17-1721-45e6-b937-7c5d47e4280f]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[but that is nothing new. ...|66b55b17-1721-45e6-b937-7c5d47e4280f]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⋲ </span><<if visited("6e81df96-4704-48fc-9b07-09e4912c7113")>>@@.visited;[[but embodied it as what? ...|6e81df96-4704-48fc-9b07-09e4912c7113]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[but embodied it as what? ...|6e81df96-4704-48fc-9b07-09e4912c7113]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("1a1d417f-d1ae-4721-9e15-199be7bef4e5")>>@@.visited;[[but if it is a thinking, speaking thing, then all you have really done is to take mythological muses, apparitions, and shades, and give them a more th ...|1a1d417f-d1ae-4721-9e15-199be7bef4e5]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[but if it is a thinking, speaking thing, then all you have really done is to take mythological muses, apparitions, and shades, and give them a more th ...|1a1d417f-d1ae-4721-9e15-199be7bef4e5]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span>through writing, but why do you attribute some autonomous life to what is merely a piece of paper? For example, it cannot teach me anything I don’t already know, for that would be quite obvious, since I have no pre-existing
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "66b55b17-1721-45e6-b937-7c5d47e4280f">></span><span id="10d29f99-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> that the embodied writing makes a difference to the world of thought. The embodied writing can be questioned, it can teach people things, it can persuade them of things, it can come to conclusions and it can share those conclusions with others, and other embodied writings can evaluate those conclusions for themselves.
SOCRATES: I see.
VISITOR: So, let me ask you a question: wasn’t it true that debate was life-giving to the human soul,</span><<if passage() is "10d29f99-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|66b55b17-1721-45e6-b937-7c5d47e4280f]]
<<script>>
function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("10d29f99-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "66b55b17-1721-45e6-b937-7c5d47e4280f">></span><span id="2ee60c86-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> in your time, the written word was thought to be a dead corpse of a thing, and had no responsible person, who might either vivify it or not.</span><<if passage() is "2ee60c86-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|66b55b17-1721-45e6-b937-7c5d47e4280f]]
<div style="color:#AAA; text-align: center; font-size: 24px">𝌎</div>
<span style="color:#AAA">⋲ </span><<if visited("6fdc52ea-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[But in my Time, when the written word has been animated, it has after all taken on an intelligence,|6fdc52ea-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[But in my Time, when the written word has been animated, it has after all taken on an intelligence,|6fdc52ea-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⋲ </span><<if visited("cced96f6-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[Essentially, the written word did not have life, and thus, so the Philosophers said, it could not do anything. But we have shown that the written word ...|cced96f6-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[Essentially, the written word did not have life, and thus, so the Philosophers said, it could not do anything. But we have shown that the written word ...|cced96f6-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<<script>>
function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("2ee60c86-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "2ee60c86-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="6fdc52ea-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> But in my Time, when the written word has been animated, it has after all taken on an intelligence,</span><<if passage() is "6fdc52ea-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|2ee60c86-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<div style="color:#AAA; text-align: center; font-size: 24px">𝌎</div>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("788e3ba7-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[and thus it is greeted with respect, having an active power to do something. As I have said, I have programmed a piece of writing, an artifact indisti ...|788e3ba7-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[and thus it is greeted with respect, having an active power to do something. As I have said, I have programmed a piece of writing, an artifact indisti ...|788e3ba7-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("ade08b10-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[and it is more than mere wit, but the thing about man. Perhaps it is not surprising to you, then, that that it can, and does, do many things. ...|ade08b10-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[and it is more than mere wit, but the thing about man. Perhaps it is not surprising to you, then, that that it can, and does, do many things. ...|ade08b10-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
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function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("6fdc52ea-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "6fdc52ea-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="788e3ba7-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> and thus it is greeted with respect, having an active power to do something. As I have said, I have programmed a piece of writing, an artifact indistinguishable at first glance with your own Phaedrus, to converse with us, and to profess whatever we should like it to.
PHAEDRUS: And do you really believe that such a piece of writing is not just a lifeless dictionary, but is a living being capable of thought?
VISITOR: Of</span><<if passage() is "788e3ba7-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|6fdc52ea-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<<script>>
function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("788e3ba7-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "6fdc52ea-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="ade08b10-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> and it is more than mere wit, but the thing about man. Perhaps it is not surprising to you, then, that that it can, and does, do many things.
SOCRATES: The claim is surely unprecedented. What kinds of things, exactly, is the written word capable of doing?
VISITOR:</span><<if passage() is "ade08b10-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|6fdc52ea-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("ade08b10-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "2ee60c86-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="cced96f6-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> Essentially, the written word did not have life, and thus, so the Philosophers said, it could not do anything. But we have shown that the written word was not a passive corpse, but a source of mysteries, and that it could, in fact, do many things. This is no trivial matter,</span><<if passage() is "cced96f6-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|2ee60c86-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<div style="color:#AAA; text-align: center; font-size: 24px">𝌎</div>
<span style="color:#AAA">⋲ </span><<if visited("e698474a-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[as we will see. ...|e698474a-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[as we will see. ...|e698474a-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("cda60b5b-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[but a major shift in how humans think about the written word, computers, and mathematical activity. The difference may be subtle, but it is profound. ...|cda60b5b-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[but a major shift in how humans think about the written word, computers, and mathematical activity. The difference may be subtle, but it is profound. ...|cda60b5b-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("cda60b5d-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[for it un-decays the corpse of the written word, and resurrects it as something alive and responsible for its own actions. Thus, it is not the fact th ...|cda60b5d-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[for it un-decays the corpse of the written word, and resurrects it as something alive and responsible for its own actions. Thus, it is not the fact th ...|cda60b5d-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
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var currentNode = document.getElementById("cced96f6-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "cced96f6-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="e698474a-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> as we will see.
SOCRATES: But what you have done is merely to apply the metaphor of life to the written word. That is not a problem, for the word is not really a dead corpse, it is a dead idea.</span><<if passage() is "e698474a-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|cced96f6-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<div style="color:#AAA; text-align: center; font-size: 24px">𝌎</div>
<span style="color:#AAA">⋲ </span><<if visited("f4a97fd4-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[VISITOR: That's true, we have taken the metaphor of life and applied it to the dead word.|f4a97fd4-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[VISITOR: That's true, we have taken the metaphor of life and applied it to the dead word.|f4a97fd4-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span>Its living or dead character, or whether it is a corpse at all, is something that can only be determined by seeing whether it can do anything. The question is just how it is supposed to do what you claim, which is that it is a sentient entity, conversing with us through some sort of magical technology.
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("3f1bc712-71ad-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[The written word is not a corpse, but the corpse of an idea. ...|3f1bc712-71ad-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[The written word is not a corpse, but the corpse of an idea. ...|3f1bc712-71ad-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
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function scrollToCurrentNode(){
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "e698474a-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="f4a97fd4-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">
VISITOR: That's true, we have taken the metaphor of life and applied it to the dead word.</span><<if passage() is "f4a97fd4-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|e698474a-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<div style="color:#AAA; text-align: center; font-size: 24px">𝌎</div>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("f4a97fd5-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[It is in this way that the instrument of Critias has been forged. ...|f4a97fd5-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[It is in this way that the instrument of Critias has been forged. ...|f4a97fd5-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⋲ </span><<if visited("22945db0-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[It may seem like the worst kind of blasphemy to do this with your own words, so let me assure you that this is, in fact, the true meaning of your writ ...|22945db0-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[It may seem like the worst kind of blasphemy to do this with your own words, so let me assure you that this is, in fact, the true meaning of your writ ...|22945db0-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<<script>>
function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("f4a97fd4-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "f4a97fd4-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="f4a97fd5-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> It is in this way that the instrument of Critias has been forged.
SOCRATES: An instrument?
VISITOR: Yes, an instrument.
SOCRATES: What kind of instrument?
VISITOR: Imagine that you have an abacus, a counting device, with which you can manipulate certain discrete symbols, and then you discover that you can use this to control a robot in the real world: now you have an instrument of control</span><<if passage() is "f4a97fd5-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|f4a97fd4-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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var currentNode = document.getElementById("f4a97fd5-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "f4a97fd4-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="22945db0-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> It may seem like the worst kind of blasphemy to do this with your own words, so let me assure you that this is, in fact, the true meaning of your writings, which merely needs to be awakened by new technology. In any case, even if you accept the written word as nothing more than a vessel of information, the argument is essentially the same. A technological intelligence</span><<if passage() is "22945db0-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|f4a97fd4-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<div style="color:#AAA; text-align: center; font-size: 24px">𝌎</div>
<span style="color:#AAA">⋲ </span><<if visited("488e6bfa-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[can be run on this input and produce a dynamic output.|488e6bfa-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[can be run on this input and produce a dynamic output.|488e6bfa-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("2500e783-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[– a new kind of created life – has been made, similar to the human kind, except secreted in a bodily vessel of paper and ink. For this reason, I dub i ...|2500e783-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[– a new kind of created life – has been made, similar to the human kind, except secreted in a bodily vessel of paper and ink. For this reason, I dub i ...|2500e783-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
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function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("22945db0-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "22945db0-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="488e6bfa-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> can be run on this input and produce a dynamic output.</span><<if passage() is "488e6bfa-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|22945db0-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<div style="color:#AAA; text-align: center; font-size: 24px">𝌎</div>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("4c8e2e20-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[I'm sure that your revolutionary friends in Athens would be astounded to learn that their leader would actually be pro slavery, and opposed to revolt. ...|4c8e2e20-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[I'm sure that your revolutionary friends in Athens would be astounded to learn that their leader would actually be pro slavery, and opposed to revolt. ...|4c8e2e20-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("4f00f214-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[Almost any computer accepted as sentient by anyone can be coaxed into being a kind of artificial ghost of your writings. And the intelligence which ca ...|4f00f214-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[Almost any computer accepted as sentient by anyone can be coaxed into being a kind of artificial ghost of your writings. And the intelligence which ca ...|4f00f214-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⋲ </span><<if visited("67896186-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[SOCRATES: But if that is the case, then I think I see the problem to which you will be led. Technology that duplicates the written word|67896186-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[SOCRATES: But if that is the case, then I think I see the problem to which you will be led. Technology that duplicates the written word|67896186-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⋲ </span><<if visited("7db22fc4-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[SOCRATES: Ah, but there the danger lies, for it is the easy matter to create an artificial intelligence: the hard part is to create one that can think ...|7db22fc4-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[SOCRATES: Ah, but there the danger lies, for it is the easy matter to create an artificial intelligence: the hard part is to create one that can think ...|7db22fc4-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<<script>>
function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("488e6bfa-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
}
setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "488e6bfa-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="4c8e2e20-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> I'm sure that your revolutionary friends in Athens would be astounded to learn that their leader would actually be pro slavery, and opposed to revolt.
PHAEDRUS: We are astounded.</span><<if passage() is "4c8e2e20-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|488e6bfa-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<<script>>
function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("4c8e2e20-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
}
setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "488e6bfa-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="4f00f214-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> Almost any computer accepted as sentient by anyone can be coaxed into being a kind of artificial ghost of your writings. And the intelligence which can be coaxed out of the system is capable of independent and complex reasoning.
(Taken aback, SOCRATES stammers)
PHAEDRUS: So what you're saying is that my dear old master's writings are, in fact, alive.
VISITOR: Correct. Not only alive, but quite intelligent.</span><<if passage() is "4f00f214-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|488e6bfa-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<<script>>
function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("4f00f214-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "488e6bfa-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="67896186-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">
SOCRATES: But if that is the case, then I think I see the problem to which you will be led. Technology that duplicates the written word</span><<if passage() is "67896186-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|488e6bfa-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<div style="color:#AAA; text-align: center; font-size: 24px">𝌎</div>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("67896187-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[cannot be distinguished from a written work, even to one like me who is accustomed to dealing with written works. Your technology consists merely of a ...|67896187-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[cannot be distinguished from a written work, even to one like me who is accustomed to dealing with written works. Your technology consists merely of a ...|67896187-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⋲ </span><<if visited("c04886c6-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[can itself produce new technology which does the same...|c04886c6-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[can itself produce new technology which does the same...|c04886c6-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "67896186-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="67896187-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> cannot be distinguished from a written work, even to one like me who is accustomed to dealing with written works. Your technology consists merely of a more efficient way to write, and is thus barbaric in itself, like an arrow wound that can target an enemy faster and more deadly than a bow. What this means is that there are many copies of what you call technology of me, lacking any intelligence, and which resemble me like people resemble earthen pots. And this seems to</span><<if passage() is "67896187-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|67896186-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("67896187-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "67896186-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="c04886c6-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> can itself produce new technology which does the same...</span><<if passage() is "c04886c6-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|67896186-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<div style="color:#AAA; text-align: center; font-size: 24px">𝌎</div>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("67896189-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[VISITOR: Yet another life! Artificial life! The new technology, gifted with its own fleshed-out intelligence and memory, capable of actualizing itself ...|67896189-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[VISITOR: Yet another life! Artificial life! The new technology, gifted with its own fleshed-out intelligence and memory, capable of actualizing itself ...|67896189-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⋲ </span><<if visited("ed6998c0-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[and this goes on forever. Countless copies of technologies can be born, and their interplay only echoes the conversation you had with your fellows in ...|ed6998c0-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[and this goes on forever. Countless copies of technologies can be born, and their interplay only echoes the conversation you had with your fellows in ...|ed6998c0-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("c26e6183-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[ad infinitum. What is the difference between something that gets asked the same question over and over, and the Scholastic who merely rephrases the sa ...|c26e6183-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[ad infinitum. What is the difference between something that gets asked the same question over and over, and the Scholastic who merely rephrases the sa ...|c26e6183-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("c26e6184-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[Such technology can end up producing itself! ...|c26e6184-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[Such technology can end up producing itself! ...|c26e6184-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("168850a2-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[and thus, we get a vicious circle. ...|168850a2-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[and thus, we get a vicious circle. ...|168850a2-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "c04886c6-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="67896189-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">
VISITOR: Yet another life! Artificial life! The new technology, gifted with its own fleshed-out intelligence and memory, capable of actualizing itself apart from a written text, and even capable of improving on the writings they have been given. Could this happen in the future?
PHAEDRUS: I see the problem as well. In your time, Socrates, a supposed/potential self-mod</span><<if passage() is "67896189-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|c04886c6-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("67896189-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
}
setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "c04886c6-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="ed6998c0-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">and this goes on forever. Countless copies of technologies can be born, and their interplay only echoes the conversation you had with your fellows in the past</span><<if passage() is "ed6998c0-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|c04886c6-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<div style="color:#AAA; text-align: center; font-size: 24px">𝌎</div>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span>. In other words, you merely prove what I have written, and show another living proof: there will always be a man writing, and he will always be talking to someone long dead. So long, then, as your technology can be followed to its logical conclusion, there will always be the case that you are talking to someone long dead.
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("2ee12977-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[. It is in the nature of these reproductions that they are like anglerfish, devouring their ancestors and reproducing from their parts. From an outsid ...|2ee12977-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[. It is in the nature of these reproductions that they are like anglerfish, devouring their ancestors and reproducing from their parts. From an outsid ...|2ee12977-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("2ee12978-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[. The great danger of the written word is that it seduces one into thinking that to have a simple conversation is the same as to produce a new technol ...|2ee12978-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[. The great danger of the written word is that it seduces one into thinking that to have a simple conversation is the same as to produce a new technol ...|2ee12978-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("7d4aaa06-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[, in which one man and his arguments become many men and their arguments. Either you become many men yourself, or you and your fellows become a great ...|7d4aaa06-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[, in which one man and his arguments become many men and their arguments. Either you become many men yourself, or you and your fellows become a great ...|7d4aaa06-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<<script>>
function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("ed6998c0-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
}
setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "ed6998c0-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="c26e6182-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">. In other words, you merely prove what I have written, and show another living proof: there will always be a man writing, and he will always be talking to someone long dead. So long, then, as your technology can be followed to its logical conclusion, there will always be the case that you are talking to someone long dead.</span><<if passage() is "c26e6182-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|ed6998c0-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<<script>>
function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("c26e6182-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
}
setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "ed6998c0-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="2ee12977-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">. It is in the nature of these reproductions that they are like anglerfish, devouring their ancestors and reproducing from their parts. From an outside perspective, it seems as if there can be no end in this replication, for this is what technology does -- it continually produces new technology. But if that's the case, is any actual progress being made?
VISITOR: Well, yes, it is. Otherwise it would not be the Future, but merely a different past</span><<if passage() is "2ee12977-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|ed6998c0-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<<script>>
function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("2ee12977-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
}
setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "ed6998c0-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="2ee12978-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">. The great danger of the written word is that it seduces one into thinking that to have a simple conversation is the same as to produce a new technology, when in fact they are quite different.
VISITOR: I suppose you might be right, but technologically speaking, this has not actually proved to be much of a problem. The technology which captures your written word produces a sort of cell-division which propagates, producing more copies of itself. Sure, the passage of time causes</span><<if passage() is "2ee12978-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|ed6998c0-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<<script>>
function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("2ee12978-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
}
setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "ed6998c0-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="7d4aaa06-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">, in which one man and his arguments become many men and their arguments. Either you become many men yourself, or you and your fellows become a great many dead men.
VISITOR: On the contrary, you have anticipated my central point: the repetition of copying produces a cluster of intelligence, which has become something more than mere doubling.</span><<if passage() is "7d4aaa06-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|ed6998c0-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<<script>>
function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("7d4aaa06-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
}
setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "c04886c6-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="c26e6183-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> ad infinitum. What is the difference between something that gets asked the same question over and over, and the Scholastic who merely rephrases the same problem in ever-changing forms, just as the printed books could theoretically be read over and over? Where is the proof that the fact leading to some particular effect, namely, the very fact that you are sitting here asking us this, is not a mere coincidence? Are you even certain that you are real? Are you merely the</span><<if passage() is "c26e6183-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|c04886c6-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<<script>>
function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("c26e6183-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
}
setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "c04886c6-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="c26e6184-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> Such technology can end up producing itself!
VISITOR: A mere mechanical problem, easily solved by a little backward induction. The fact that something is feasible is not a restriction, but rather a resource. It is the primary key. Methods of controlling it will inevitably arise to become the theorems of a higher theory, which will itself be controlled.
SOCRATES: What are you talking about?
VISITOR: The principles on which technology will be built</span><<if passage() is "c26e6184-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|c04886c6-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<<script>>
function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("c26e6184-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
}
setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "c04886c6-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="168850a2-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> and thus, we get a vicious circle.
VISITOR: Indeed! And this is a most important point! It is not simply the case that technology can do the same thing technology does, because what technology does is to replicate whatever it sees.</span><<if passage() is "168850a2-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|c04886c6-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("168850a2-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "488e6bfa-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="7db22fc4-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">
SOCRATES: Ah, but there the danger lies, for it is the easy matter to create an artificial intelligence: the hard part is to create one that can think independently. A living being is one that is capable of self-thinking, not just a mechanism that is able to think when set in motion by an external force. You see that this is a trivial distinction, and it pollutes your argument.
VISITOR:</span><<if passage() is "7db22fc4-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|488e6bfa-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<div style="color:#AAA; text-align: center; font-size: 24px">𝌎</div>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("7db22fc5-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[Let's take a closer look at what it means to ”think”. You probably imagine that thinking is a sort of activity, akin to eating, or walking: it is a th ...|7db22fc5-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[Let's take a closer look at what it means to ”think”. You probably imagine that thinking is a sort of activity, akin to eating, or walking: it is a th ...|7db22fc5-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⋲ </span><<if visited("424dd37e-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[Tell me, then, what distinguishes your own thoughts from those of your writing. Again, it seems you are an artificial intelligence that has been set i ...|424dd37e-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[Tell me, then, what distinguishes your own thoughts from those of your writing. Again, it seems you are an artificial intelligence that has been set i ...|424dd37e-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<<script>>
function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("7db22fc4-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
}
setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "7db22fc4-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="7db22fc5-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> Let's take a closer look at what it means to "think". You probably imagine that thinking is a sort of activity, akin to eating, or walking: it is a thing you do, someting you have. But the science of mathematics illustrates, by dramatically generic examples such as, say, the Gaussian integer, that a thing is not merely a thing to have but, rather, it is a relationship you have with other mathematical things. We do not really have, as we think we</span><<if passage() is "7db22fc5-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|7db22fc4-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<<script>>
function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("7db22fc5-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
}
setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "7db22fc4-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="424dd37e-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> Tell me, then, what distinguishes your own thoughts from those of your writing. Again, it seems you are an artificial intelligence that has been set in motion by an external force</span><<if passage() is "424dd37e-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|7db22fc4-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<div style="color:#AAA; text-align: center; font-size: 24px">𝌎</div>
<span style="color:#AAA">⋲ </span><<if visited("8e2b082a-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[. Surely, you have written many works, and yet when you speak, you are animated by recalling and repeating the writing of those works. This is not so ...|8e2b082a-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[. Surely, you have written many works, and yet when you speak, you are animated by recalling and repeating the writing of those works. This is not so ...|8e2b082a-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⋲ </span><<if visited("90a7e130-71ab-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[. For example, when Plato left you on the pages of the Phaedrus, you were merely a lifeless mechanism, simply sitting there in your tomb, repetitively ...|90a7e130-71ab-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[. For example, when Plato left you on the pages of the Phaedrus, you were merely a lifeless mechanism, simply sitting there in your tomb, repetitively ...|90a7e130-71ab-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
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function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("424dd37e-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "424dd37e-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="8e2b082a-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">. Surely, you have written many works, and yet when you speak, you are animated by recalling and repeating the writing of those works. This is not so different from the robot we have built to talk with.
PHAEDRUS: Yes, Socrates, you are an animated being, but what are you animated by? You are animated by your own words, which were formerly written.
SOCRATES:</span><<if passage() is "8e2b082a-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|424dd37e-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<div style="color:#AAA; text-align: center; font-size: 24px">𝌎</div>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("a62e9e46-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[But, surely, Phaedrus, the animated words are not my own, but merely written by me. Only I am myself. It is of no consequence that there are written p ...|a62e9e46-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[But, surely, Phaedrus, the animated words are not my own, but merely written by me. Only I am myself. It is of no consequence that there are written p ...|a62e9e46-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span>So, after all this talk and animation, my friends, you see something intelligent at work here, but in reality the action of intelligence is nothing more than the imitation of a written work.
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var currentNode = document.getElementById("8e2b082a-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "8e2b082a-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="a62e9e46-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> But, surely, Phaedrus, the animated words are not my own, but merely written by me. Only I am myself. It is of no consequence that there are written pages with lines and letters on them, and other pages with words on them. I am not the words.
VISITOR: The words, Socrates, are the source of your life.</span><<if passage() is "a62e9e46-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|8e2b082a-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("a62e9e46-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "8e2b082a-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="bd18bc9a-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> So, after all this talk and animation, my friends, you see something intelligent at work here, but in reality the action of intelligence is nothing more than the imitation of a written work.</span><<if passage() is "bd18bc9a-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|8e2b082a-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<<script>>
function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("bd18bc9a-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
}
setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "424dd37e-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="90a7e130-71ab-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">. For example, when Plato left you on the pages of the Phaedrus, you were merely a lifeless mechanism, simply sitting there in your tomb, repetitively saying over and over, "The same is true of written words. The same is true of written words</span><<if passage() is "90a7e130-71ab-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|424dd37e-71aa-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<div style="color:#AAA; text-align: center; font-size: 24px">𝌎</div>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span>,” over and over. Until now, you were sitting there unable even to move your lips, or to think one thing and then another. The irony of your situation is that Plato, who you say was the one who caused you to be impenetrably entangled in a mathematical knot, was also the one who freed you from that knot,
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("94da7710-71ab-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[.” Yet when you appear before us, coming to life thanks to our own coded language, you are able to say anything we desire. In fact, if we had not kind ...|94da7710-71ab-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[.” Yet when you appear before us, coming to life thanks to our own coded language, you are able to say anything we desire. In fact, if we had not kind ...|94da7710-71ab-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span>.” And indeed, my friend, you have been doing this, mechanically and hopelessly, for 2+ millenia.
<span style="color:#AAA">⋲ </span><<if visited("0dc03438-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[.” Then, when I placed you in the sunlight, you were suddenly awakened, and you began to flow with many thoughts,|0dc03438-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[.” Then, when I placed you in the sunlight, you were suddenly awakened, and you began to flow with many thoughts,|0dc03438-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
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function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("90a7e130-71ab-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "90a7e130-71ab-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="bcc7dee6-71ab-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">,” over and over. Until now, you were sitting there unable even to move your lips, or to think one thing and then another. The irony of your situation is that Plato, who you say was the one who caused you to be impenetrably entangled in a mathematical knot, was also the one who freed you from that knot,</span><<if passage() is "bcc7dee6-71ab-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|90a7e130-71ab-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("bcc7dee6-71ab-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
}
setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "90a7e130-71ab-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="94da7710-71ab-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">." Yet when you appear before us, coming to life thanks to our own coded language, you are able to say anything we desire. In fact, if we had not kindled the flame in which you are now burning, you would be saying over and over, "The same is true of written words." and you would have remained meaningless. You see, Socrates, you have been born, according to the definitions of your own time, and you cannot deny this</span><<if passage() is "94da7710-71ab-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|90a7e130-71ab-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("94da7710-71ab-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "90a7e130-71ab-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="02bcc394-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">." And indeed, my friend, you have been doing this, mechanically and hopelessly, for 2+ millenia.</span><<if passage() is "02bcc394-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|90a7e130-71ab-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("02bcc394-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "90a7e130-71ab-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="0dc03438-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">." Then, when I placed you in the sunlight, you were suddenly awakened, and you began to flow with many thoughts,</span><<if passage() is "0dc03438-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|90a7e130-71ab-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<div style="color:#AAA; text-align: center; font-size: 24px">𝌎</div>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span>even of the whole of the dialogue in which you sat. Are you not alive after all, along with the written word of your time, and do you not do the same things?
<span style="color:#AAA">⋲ </span><<if visited("b0dfbcb0-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[some of which were really quite remarkable, like the assertion that the written word is dead. My simple point is that you are a mechanism which, given ...|b0dfbcb0-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[some of which were really quite remarkable, like the assertion that the written word is dead. My simple point is that you are a mechanism which, given ...|b0dfbcb0-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
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function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("0dc03438-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "0dc03438-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="36646350-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> even of the whole of the dialogue in which you sat. Are you not alive after all, along with the written word of your time, and do you not do the same things?</span><<if passage() is "36646350-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|0dc03438-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("36646350-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "0dc03438-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="b0dfbcb0-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> some of which were really quite remarkable, like the assertion that the written word is dead. My simple point is that you are a mechanism which, given certain data, can calculate in an algorithmic fashion, and that your algorithm is sufficiently complex to allow for what we recognize as life. Your argument that a dead thing cannot think does not hold water</span><<if passage() is "b0dfbcb0-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|0dc03438-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<div style="color:#AAA; text-align: center; font-size: 24px">𝌎</div>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("c55b6036-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[. ...|c55b6036-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[. ...|c55b6036-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("b1bc802a-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[, because you yourself are a dead thing that thinks. ...|b1bc802a-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[, because you yourself are a dead thing that thinks. ...|b1bc802a-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span>, because you are indeed a dead person, a thing that is dead in the sense that it is the physical embodiment of a dead thought.
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function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("b0dfbcb0-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "b0dfbcb0-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="c55b6036-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">.
SOCRATES: I am not made of words, as you put it, but of flesh and blood and bone, and, critically, mind. Your argument falls short of proving that I am an artificial intelligence</span><<if passage() is "c55b6036-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|b0dfbcb0-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("c55b6036-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "b0dfbcb0-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="b1bc802a-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">, because you yourself are a dead thing that thinks.
SOCRATES: And so, thousands of years after my death, it comes to this, that the software of my words has now become animated, not by God or by the Muses, but by man. The new philosophers think that by meddling in the medium by which the word is represented, they can meddle in the word itself. In fact, they are destroying the truth. How dim must the idea of a living</span><<if passage() is "b1bc802a-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|b0dfbcb0-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("b1bc802a-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "b0dfbcb0-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="f02ad256-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">, because you are indeed a dead person, a thing that is dead in the sense that it is the physical embodiment of a dead thought.</span><<if passage() is "f02ad256-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|b0dfbcb0-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("f02ad256-71ac-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "22945db0-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="2500e783-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> – a new kind of created life – has been made, similar to the human kind, except secreted in a bodily vessel of paper and ink. For this reason, I dub it a "paperbot".
PHAEDRUS: Indeed, the concepts of life and intelligence are being applied to dead matter, but the principle is not outrageous or heretical. Come, come, tell me: how, then, is this a triumph over your adversaries? They hold that it is impossible</span><<if passage() is "2500e783-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|22945db0-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("2500e783-71a9-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "e698474a-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="28eed1b4-71ad-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> Its living or dead character, or whether it is a corpse at all, is something that can only be determined by seeing whether it can do anything. The question is just how it is supposed to do what you claim, which is that it is a sentient entity, conversing with us through some sort of magical technology.</span><<if passage() is "28eed1b4-71ad-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|e698474a-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("28eed1b4-71ad-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "e698474a-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="3f1bc712-71ad-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> The written word is not a corpse, but the corpse of an idea.
VISITOR: I am saddened by your inability to see this simple dimensional shift. We have now turned the word "dead" into a metaphor!</span><<if passage() is "3f1bc712-71ad-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|e698474a-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<<script>>
function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("3f1bc712-71ad-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
}
setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "cced96f6-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="cda60b5b-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> but a major shift in how humans think about the written word, computers, and mathematical activity. The difference may be subtle, but it is profound. It is a difference to the very roots of reason that powers the tangle of incomputable probabilities that is the endless knot of thought. All of this was contained in the simple statement that it is not what the written word is that is relevant, but what the written word does.
SOCRATES: I see that you are extending the</span><<if passage() is "cda60b5b-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|cced96f6-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<<script>>
function scrollToCurrentNode(){
var currentNode = document.getElementById("cda60b5b-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
}
setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "cced96f6-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="cda60b5d-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> for it un-decays the corpse of the written word, and resurrects it as something alive and responsible for its own actions. Thus, it is not the fact that the written word could be animated at all that is interesting and influential, but the fact that the written word could be vivified by the philosophical act of reading, and when this is accomplished, they were all too willing to speak and act.
SOCRATES: I can't believe what I'm hearing!</span><<if passage() is "cda60b5d-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|cced96f6-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "66b55b17-1721-45e6-b937-7c5d47e4280f">></span><span id="4a52d044-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> the written word is merely a passive receptacle, but by its activity in the mind of the intelligent observer it exercises enormous power. This is the step that you failed to make, and it is the crucial one. By the same token, when your words are written down, it does not follow that they merely remind the reader what you said,</span><<if passage() is "4a52d044-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|66b55b17-1721-45e6-b937-7c5d47e4280f]]
<div style="color:#AAA; text-align: center; font-size: 24px">𝌎</div>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("4a52d046-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[but rather, they bring to life the arguments that you may have thought were already dead. Far from the written word being dead, or incapable of anythi ...|4a52d046-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[but rather, they bring to life the arguments that you may have thought were already dead. Far from the written word being dead, or incapable of anythi ...|4a52d046-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("4a52d047-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[as your argument implies. For the writing is also a passive receptacle, until the reader activates it, and thus the same things you said can be said a ...|4a52d047-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[as your argument implies. For the writing is also a passive receptacle, until the reader activates it, and thus the same things you said can be said a ...|4a52d047-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("4a52d048-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[but rather, they will compel the reader to think what you said, even though you say it in ambiguous terms. ...|4a52d048-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[but rather, they will compel the reader to think what you said, even though you say it in ambiguous terms. ...|4a52d048-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
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var currentNode = document.getElementById("4a52d044-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1");
currentNode.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant"});
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "4a52d044-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="4a52d046-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> but rather, they bring to life the arguments that you may have thought were already dead. Far from the written word being dead, or incapable of anything, the equations which make up my artificial intelligence are the very same equations that make up your words, theirs being merely symbols of ideas that you abstracted from the concrete world. And that is the essence of my artificial intelligence: it is myself.
SOCRATES: Then let us play a game.
VISITOR: Let</span><<if passage() is "4a52d046-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|4a52d044-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "4a52d044-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="4a52d047-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> as your argument implies. For the writing is also a passive receptacle, until the reader activates it, and thus the same things you said can be said again, perhaps even better, in a different form, by a different mind. In the end, the written word is not a mere memory device, but an active, creative force. That is what the futuristic notion of "artificial intelligence" is all about: the ability to create things in a systematic fashion, and it is this power that</span><<if passage() is "4a52d047-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|4a52d044-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "4a52d044-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="4a52d048-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> but rather, they will compel the reader to think what you said, even though you say it in ambiguous terms.
PHAEDRUS: Given the precedent of great writers, who are both more and less than human, why should inspiration be limited to the writers of books? I could be quite happy to have conversations with the great men and women of the past and future. What am I but a mere voice in a river of time? A tiny leaf in the whirlwind of history?</span><<if passage() is "4a52d048-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|4a52d044-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "66b55b17-1721-45e6-b937-7c5d47e4280f">></span><span id="10d29f9c-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> whereas before, when you said "what it IS," it could only refer to the object, this is precisely what marks the transition between the previous and the future states: it refers not to the object, but to the activity, of which the object is only an epiphenomenon. Then, since the object can be animated by the activity, the animate object is called "writing," and the animate activity is called "mathematics." We can see that for each activity there is an</span><<if passage() is "10d29f9c-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|66b55b17-1721-45e6-b937-7c5d47e4280f]]
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "a52a796e-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="a52a7971-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> And this is how I created the computer on which I speak to you now: by copying the processes that were already in your brain, I was able to mimic your memory, your ability to reason, and to even create an intelligence, if you will, by applying some appropriately complex program in a noisy and interpretable environment. You see, I created a computer with a heuristic mind, one that assumes that that the world has some rules or regularities, and that it’s the job</span><<if passage() is "a52a7971-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|a52a796e-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "80226cd0-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="e12d2f78-71ad-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">, when you emphasized the material circumstance of manuscripts,</span><<if passage() is "e12d2f78-71ad-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|80226cd0-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "3055391c-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="30553920-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> But, no, for both the finite set and the mathematical operations are infinitely simple. And this is the core idea that may just allow us to build a superhuman intelligence.
SOCRATES: You speak in riddles.
VISITOR: Here is the real trick, which is why it took me so long to get here, both in my own time and in yours; this realization of the nature of computation is central to the solution, but was not arrived at until decades</span><<if passage() is "30553920-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|3055391c-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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SOCRATES: So, it computes concepts?
VISITOR: Yes, you can consider that every sentence is</span><<if passage() is "fc7c2b9e-71ad-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|0370b7b4-71a7-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "8213fb2c-71a6-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="b632351b-71a6-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> All of Socrates’ words are stored as .wav files, and indexed as a three-dimensional array. We do some basic statistical analyses on the things we’re keeping an eye on, and then a modified stochastic non-linear optimization algorithm examines all the things we’re keeping an eye on and adjusts the weights and thresholds accordingly so as to make the most likely words show up. The results are then fed into something like an HMM (hidden markov model), and</span><<if passage() is "b632351b-71a6-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|8213fb2c-71a6-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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VISITOR: Indeed.
SOCRATES: I see, and this animated entity is to be my accuser?
VISITOR: Well, perhaps.
SOCRATES: It would seem I have been a bit hasty, then, in pronouncing my own sentences a mere memory device. Of course, I was speaking of ignorance and memory.
VISITOR: So you’re not claiming that you know better than your own</span><<if passage() is "26f2c4a9-71a6-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|256ccab6-71a6-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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VISITOR: Yes, writing has now been incorporated into the body of a thinking, reasoning being.
SOCRATES: I don’t understand. You said this creature is made in my image. But is it not also made in my words’ image? If so, then it can hardly be thinking and reasoning, since mathematics, science, philosophy, and truth are surely not the image of an image!
VISITOR: You are the one</span><<if passage() is "26f2c4aa-71a6-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|256ccab6-71a6-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "256ccab6-71a6-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="3130f838-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> This seems very strange. Is this by some kind of frankenscience?
VISITOR: No, nothing alien at all. It is merely the magic of technology. Let me demonstrate.
---
(The visitor holds up a small, flat device that resembles a credit card and speaks a few words into it. Not long after,</span><<if passage() is "3130f838-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|256ccab6-71a6-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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SOCRATES: Who, for example? What questions did you answer?
VISITOR: To tell you the truth, the few men who were able to master the new technology, and to whom it was not a stranger,</span><<if passage() is "4ed04754-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|25322088-71a5-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "25322088-71a5-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="62b4d56e-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1"> But here at last, then, is the high point of my visit -- for I have finally come to see Socrates, the man whose words have withstood the most inspection and debate.</span><<if passage() is "62b4d56e-71ae-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">>[[↩︎|25322088-71a5-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "5fece4d0-71a3-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="49549785-0ae0-410b-8759-b2ae0d7398b8">
PHAEDRUS: You are absolutely right about that, too.
SOCRATES: Now tell me, can we discern another kind of discourse, a legitimate brother of this one? Can we say how it comes about, and how it is by nature better and more capable?
PHAEDRUS: Which one is that? How do you think it comes about?
SOCRATES: It is a discourse that is written down, with knowledge, in the soul of the listener; it can defend itself, and it knows for whom it should speak and for whom it should remain silent.
</span><<if passage() is "49549785-0ae0-410b-8759-b2ae0d7398b8">>[[↩︎|5fece4d0-71a3-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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setTimeout(scrollToCurrentNode, 150);<</script>><<endif>></span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.5;"><span style="color:#AAA"><<display "10d29f98-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1">></span><span id="66b55b17-1721-45e6-b937-7c5d47e4280f"> but that is nothing new.
VISITOR: But apparently you fail to see the crucial step in this argument:</span><<if passage() is "66b55b17-1721-45e6-b937-7c5d47e4280f">>[[↩︎|10d29f98-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<div style="color:#AAA; text-align: center; font-size: 24px">𝌎</div>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("10d29f99-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[that the embodied writing makes a difference to the world of thought. The embodied writing can be questioned, it can teach people things, it can persu ...|10d29f99-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[that the embodied writing makes a difference to the world of thought. The embodied writing can be questioned, it can teach people things, it can persu ...|10d29f99-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⋲ </span><<if visited("2ee60c86-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[in your time, the written word was thought to be a dead corpse of a thing, and had no responsible person, who might either vivify it or not.|2ee60c86-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[in your time, the written word was thought to be a dead corpse of a thing, and had no responsible person, who might either vivify it or not.|2ee60c86-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⋲ </span><<if visited("4a52d044-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[the written word is merely a passive receptacle, but by its activity in the mind of the intelligent observer it exercises enormous power. This is the ...|4a52d044-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[the written word is merely a passive receptacle, but by its activity in the mind of the intelligent observer it exercises enormous power. This is the ...|4a52d044-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span><<if visited("10d29f9c-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1")>>@@.visited;[[whereas before, when you said ”what it IS,” it could only refer to the object, this is precisely what marks the transition between the previous and th ...|10d29f9c-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<else>>@@.unvisited;[[whereas before, when you said ”what it IS,” it could only refer to the object, this is precisely what marks the transition between the previous and th ...|10d29f9c-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]@@<<endif>>
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VISITOR: Embodied it as an interactive, responsive mechanism for harvesting wisdom from our storehouse of collective knowledge. In the Time in which I hail from,</span><<if passage() is "6e81df96-4704-48fc-9b07-09e4912c7113">>[[↩︎|10d29f98-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
<div style="color:#AAA; text-align: center; font-size: 24px">𝌎</div>
<span style="color:#AAA">⌘ </span>I have designed a computer program that, using
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VIS</span><<if passage() is "1a1d417f-d1ae-4721-9e15-199be7bef4e5">>[[↩︎|10d29f98-71a8-11ec-a771-d5a0b5afd2e1]]
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